Gingivitis
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums caused by the buildup of plaque on the teeth and along the gumline. Plaque is a thin, sticky layer consisting of bacteria, food remnants, and saliva. If plaque is not regularly removed through proper oral hygiene, the bacteria can multiply and irritate the gums, leading to gingivitis.
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Symptoms of gingivitis may include redness, swelling, sensitivity, and bleeding of the gums during brushing.
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To prevent gingivitis, it is essential to maintain good oral hygiene. This includes brushing your teeth twice a day, cleaning between your teeth once a day, and scheduling dental hygiene appointments twice a year. These practices form the foundation for prevention.
Periodontitis
Parodontitis is a more advanced form of gum disease that goes beyond gingivitis. It not only affects the gums but also the underlying bone tissue that supports the teeth. Parodontitis can lead to severe damage to the gums and jawbone, ultimately resulting in tooth loss.
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Parodontitis is treated by first thoroughly removing plaque and tartar, often through a deep cleaning of the teeth and tooth roots. This procedure is known as "scaling and root planing." During this process, the tooth roots are smoothed to promote healing and prevent the formation of new plaque. In some cases, anesthesia may be used. Additionally, antibiotics or antimicrobial mouthwashes may be prescribed to reduce bacteria and control inflammation.
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It is essential to maintain consistent and effective oral hygiene practices, such as daily brushing and interdental cleaning, to prevent further issues. Regular follow-up appointments with the dental hygienist are crucial to monitor treatment progress and make adjustments as needed.